时间:2021-06-11 08:10:31 | 栏目:C代码 | 点击:次
C++面试经常会问到关于malloc/free和new/delete的区别,网上有不同版本的解释,这里总结下并加上个人理解和使用。
两者相同点
两者不同点
注意事项
使用
#include "stdafx.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include "stdlib.h"
#include <string.h>
struct Stu
{
char name[32];
int age;
};
int main()
{
/**************************** 基本用法 **********************************/
//申请一个int类型
int *p1 = new int; //直接申请赋值 int* p1 = new int(3);
int *p2 = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int));
//申请一个char类型
char *p3 = new char; //直接申请赋值 char *p3 = new char('c');
char *p4 = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char));
//申请一个int型一维数组
int *p5 = new int[5]; //直接申请赋值 int *p5 = new int[5]{1,2,3,4,5};
int *p6 = (int*)malloc(sizeof(int)*5);
//申请一个char型一维数组
char* p7 = new char[6]; //直接申请赋值 char* p7 = new char[3]{'a', 'v', 'c'};
char* p8 = (char*)malloc(sizeof(char)*6);
//申请一个int型二维数组
int(*p9)[2] = new int[2][2]; //直接申请赋值 int(*p9)[2] = new int[2][2]{ 1,2,3,4 };
int(*p10)[2] = (int(*)[2])malloc(sizeof(int)*2*2);
//申请一个char型二维数组
char(*p11)[2] = new char[2][2];
char(*p12)[2] = (char(*)[2])malloc(sizeof(char)*2*2);
/***************************** 申请二级指针内存 **********************************/
//申请二级指针(new,delete)
char** p13 = new char*[2];
p13[0] = "aaaaaaaaaa";
p13[1] = "vvvvvvvvvv";
delete p13;
//申请二级指针(malloc, free)
char** p14 = (char**)malloc(sizeof(char*)*2);
p14[0] = "cccccccc";
p14[1] = "dddddddd";
delete p14;
/****************************** 申请结构体内存 *********************************/
//new delete
Stu* pStu1 = new Stu;
Stu* pStu2 = new Stu{"wpf", 10};
Stu* pStu3 = new Stu[1024];
delete pStu1;
delete pStu2;
delete[] pStu3;
//malloc free
Stu* pStu4 = (Stu*)malloc(sizeof(Stu));
memset(pStu4, 0, sizeof(Stu));
free(pStu4);
getchar();
}
总结