时间:2022-03-21 09:29:06 | 栏目:JAVA代码 | 点击:次
类加载器
java类加载器就是在运行时在JVM中动态地加载所需的类,java类加载器基于三个机制:委托,可见,单一。
把classpath下的那些.class文件加载进内存,处理后成为字节码,这些工作是类加载器做的。
默认类加载器
系统默认三个类加载器:
类加载器也是java类,而BootStrap不是。 验证代码:
public class ClassLoaderTest {
public static void main(String[] args) {
System.out.println(System.class.getClassLoader());
}
}
输出:null
如果使用System.out.println(System.class.getClassLoader().toString);,则报空指针异常:
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.NullPointerException at com.iot.classloader.ClassLoaderTest.main(ClassLoaderTest.java:10) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:483) at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:144)
可见,System类是由BootStrap类加载器加载。
类加载器的委托机制
类加载器的树状图
类加载器
一般加载类的顺序:
自定义类加载器的编写原理
API:
Class ClassLoader
模板方法设计模式
父类:
loadClass(类加载的流程,模板)
findClass供子类覆盖的、被loadClass方法调用的类加载逻辑
defineClass得到class文件转换成字节码
子类:覆盖findClass方法
例子:
loadClass方法的源码
protected Class<?> loadClass(String name, boolean resolve)
throws ClassNotFoundException
{
synchronized (getClassLoadingLock(name)) {
// First, check if the class has already been loaded
Class<?> c = findLoadedClass(name);
if (c == null) {
long t0 = System.nanoTime();
try {
if (parent != null) {
c = parent.loadClass(name, false);
} else {
c = findBootstrapClassOrNull(name);
}
} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
// ClassNotFoundException thrown if class not found
// from the non-null parent class loader
}
if (c == null) {
// If still not found, then invoke findClass in order
// to find the class.
long t1 = System.nanoTime();
c = findClass(name);
// this is the defining class loader; record the stats
sun.misc.PerfCounter.getParentDelegationTime().addTime(t1 - t0);
sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClassTime().addElapsedTimeFrom(t1);
sun.misc.PerfCounter.getFindClasses().increment();
}
}
if (resolve) {
resolveClass(c);
}
return c;
}
}
API文档中的例子:
class NetworkClassLoader extends ClassLoader {
String host;
int port;
public Class findClass(String name) {
byte[] b = loadClassData(name);
return defineClass(name, b, 0, b.length);
}
private byte[] loadClassData(String name) {
// load the class data from the connection
. . .
}
}