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基于Restful接口调用方法总结(超详细)

时间：2021-11-22 11:10:51|栏目：JAVA代码|点击： 次

由于在实际项目中碰到的restful服务，参数都以json为准。这里我获取的接口和传入的参数都是json字符串类型。发布restful服务可参照文章 Jersey实现Restful服务(实例讲解)，以下接口调用基于此服务。

基于发布的Restful服务，下面总结几种常用的调用方法。

(1)Jersey API

package com.restful.client;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.JsonProcessingException;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.restful.entity.PersonEntity;
import com.sun.jersey.api.client.Client;
import com.sun.jersey.api.client.ClientResponse;
import com.sun.jersey.api.client.WebResource;

import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;

/**
 * Created by XuHui on 2017/8/7.
 */
public class JerseyClient {
 private static String REST_API = "http://localhost:8080/jerseyDemo/rest/JerseyService";
 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
  getRandomResource();
  addResource();
  getAllResource();
 }

 public static void getRandomResource() {
  Client client = Client.create();
  WebResource webResource = client.resource(REST_API + "/getRandomResource");
  ClientResponse response = webResource.type(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).accept("application/json").get(ClientResponse.class);
  String str = response.getEntity(String.class);
  System.out.print("getRandomResource result is : " + str + "\n");
 }

 public static void addResource() throws JsonProcessingException {
  Client client = Client.create();
  WebResource webResource = client.resource(REST_API + "/addResource/person");
  ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
  PersonEntity entity = new PersonEntity("NO2", "Joker", "http://");
  ClientResponse response = webResource.type(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).accept(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).post(ClientResponse.class, mapper.writeValueAsString(entity));
  System.out.print("addResource result is : " + response.getEntity(String.class) + "\n");
 }

 public static void getAllResource() {
  Client client = Client.create();
  WebResource webResource = client.resource(REST_API + "/getAllResource");
  ClientResponse response = webResource.type(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON).accept("application/json").get(ClientResponse.class);
  String str = response.getEntity(String.class);
  System.out.print("getAllResource result is : " + str + "\n");
 }
}

结果：

getRandomResource result is : {"id":"NO1","name":"Joker","addr":"http:///"}
addResource result is : {"id":"NO2","name":"Joker","addr":"http://"}
getAllResource result is : [{"id":"NO2","name":"Joker","addr":"http://"}]

(2)HttpURLConnection

package com.restful.client;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.restful.entity.PersonEntity;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

/**
 * Created by XuHui on 2017/8/7.
 */
public class HttpURLClient {
 private static String REST_API = "http://localhost:8080/jerseyDemo/rest/JerseyService";

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
  addResource();
  getAllResource();
 }

 public static void addResource() throws Exception {
  ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
  URL url = new URL(REST_API + "/addResource/person");
  HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
  httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);
  httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
  httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
  httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
  PersonEntity entity = new PersonEntity("NO2", "Joker", "http://");
  OutputStream outputStream = httpURLConnection.getOutputStream();
  outputStream.write(mapper.writeValueAsBytes(entity));
  outputStream.flush();

  BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpURLConnection.getInputStream()));
  String output;
  System.out.print("addResource result is : ");
  while ((output = reader.readLine()) != null) {
   System.out.print(output);
  }
  System.out.print("\n");
 }

 public static void getAllResource() throws Exception {
  URL url = new URL(REST_API + "/getAllResource");
  HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
  httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
  httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
  BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(httpURLConnection.getInputStream()));
  String output;
  System.out.print("getAllResource result is :");
  while ((output = reader.readLine()) != null) {
   System.out.print(output);
  }
  System.out.print("\n");
 }

}

结果：

addResource result is : {"id":"NO2","name":"Joker","addr":"http://"}
getAllResource result is :[{"id":"NO2","name":"Joker","addr":"http://"}]

(3)HttpClient

package com.restful.client;


import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.restful.entity.PersonEntity;
import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;

/**
 * Created by XuHui on 2017/8/7.
 */
public class RestfulHttpClient {
 private static String REST_API = "http://localhost:8080/jerseyDemo/rest/JerseyService";

 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
  addResource();
  getAllResource();
 }

 public static void addResource() throws Exception {
  HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
  PersonEntity entity = new PersonEntity("NO2", "Joker", "http://");
  ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

  HttpPost request = new HttpPost(REST_API + "/addResource/person");
  request.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
  request.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
  StringEntity requestJson = new StringEntity(mapper.writeValueAsString(entity), "utf-8");
  requestJson.setContentType("application/json");
  request.setEntity(requestJson);
  HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);
  String json = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
  System.out.print("addResource result is : " + json + "\n");
 }

 public static void getAllResource() throws Exception {
  HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();
  HttpGet request = new HttpGet(REST_API + "/getAllResource");
  request.setHeader("Content-Type", "application/json");
  request.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");
  HttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(request);
  String json = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
  System.out.print("getAllResource result is : " + json + "\n");
 }
}

结果：

addResource result is : {"id":"NO2","name":"Joker","addr":"http://"}
getAllResource result is : [{"id":"NO2","name":"Joker","addr":"http://"}]

maven：

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
  <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
  <version>4.1.2</version>
</dependency>

(4)JAX-RS API

package com.restful.client;

import com.restful.entity.PersonEntity;

import javax.ws.rs.client.Client;
import javax.ws.rs.client.ClientBuilder;
import javax.ws.rs.client.Entity;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * Created by XuHui on 2017/7/27.
 */
public class RestfulClient {
 private static String REST_API = "http://localhost:8080/jerseyDemo/rest/JerseyService";
 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
  getRandomResource();
  addResource();
  getAllResource();
 }

 public static void getRandomResource() throws IOException {
  Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
  client.property("Content-Type","xml");
  Response response = client.target(REST_API + "/getRandomResource").request().get();
  String str = response.readEntity(String.class);
  System.out.print("getRandomResource result is : " + str + "\n");
 }

 public static void addResource() {
  Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
  PersonEntity entity = new PersonEntity("NO2", "Joker", "http://");
  Response response = client.target(REST_API + "/addResource/person").request().buildPost(Entity.entity(entity, MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON)).invoke();
  String str = response.readEntity(String.class);
  System.out.print("addResource result is : " + str + "\n");
 }

 public static void getAllResource() throws IOException {
  Client client = ClientBuilder.newClient();
  client.property("Content-Type","xml");
  Response response = client.target(REST_API + "/getAllResource").request().get();
  String str = response.readEntity(String.class);
  System.out.print("getAllResource result is : " + str + "\n");

 }
}

结果：

getRandomResource result is : {"id":"NO1","name":"Joker","addr":"http:///"}
addResource result is : {"id":"NO2","name":"Joker","addr":"http://"}
getAllResource result is : [{"id":"NO2","name":"Joker","addr":"http://"}]

(5)webClient

package com.restful.client;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;
import com.restful.entity.PersonEntity;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxrs.client.WebClient;

import javax.ws.rs.core.Response;

/**
 * Created by XuHui on 2017/8/7.
 */
public class RestfulWebClient {
 private static String REST_API = "http://localhost:8080/jerseyDemo/rest/JerseyService";
 public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
  addResource();
  getAllResource();
 }

 public static void addResource() throws Exception {
  ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();
  WebClient client = WebClient.create(REST_API)
    .header("Content-Type", "application/json")
    .header("Accept", "application/json")
    .encoding("UTF-8")
    .acceptEncoding("UTF-8");
  PersonEntity entity = new PersonEntity("NO2", "Joker", "http://");
  Response response = client.path("/addResource/person").post(mapper.writeValueAsString(entity), Response.class);
  String json = response.readEntity(String.class);
  System.out.print("addResource result is : " + json + "\n");
 }

 public static void getAllResource() {
  WebClient client = WebClient.create(REST_API)
    .header("Content-Type", "application/json")
    .header("Accept", "application/json")
    .encoding("UTF-8")
    .acceptEncoding("UTF-8");
  Response response = client.path("/getAllResource").get();
  String json = response.readEntity(String.class);
  System.out.print("getAllResource result is : " + json + "\n");
 }
}

结果：

addResource result is : {"id":"NO2","name":"Joker","addr":"http://"}
getAllResource result is : [{"id":"NO2","name":"Joker","addr":"http://"}

maven：

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId>
  <artifactId>cxf-bundle-jaxrs</artifactId>
  <version>2.7.0</version>
</dependency>

注：该jar包引入和jersey包引入有冲突，不能在一个工程中同时引用。

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