Java使用Socket简单通讯详解

时间：2021-11-27 13:46:15|栏目：JAVA代码|点击：次

Java实现基于Socket的简单通信

一.ServerSocket

1.使用JavaFX写的小界面，方便观察客户端连接情况

等待客户端连接服务器

    TextArea ta = new TextArea();
        Scene scene = new Scene(new javafx.scene.control.ScrollPane(ta), 450, 200);
        primaryStage.setTitle("Server");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();

2.创建ServerSocket并处理客户端连接并显示客户端基本信息

两个客户端连接后进行通信，未能实现动态处理。

        new Thread(() -> {
            try {
                ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(8000);
                Platform.runLater(() -> {
                    ta.appendText(new Date() + " : Server started at "  + "\n");
                    ta.appendText(new Date() + " : wait to persons to join the chat" + "\n");
                });

                while (true){
                    Socket person1 = serverSocket.accept();
                    number++;
                    InetAddress inetAddress1 = person1.getInetAddress();
                    Platform.runLater(() -> {
                        ta.appendText(new Date() + ": Person"  + number + "joined the chat" + "\n");
                        ta.appendText(new Date() + ": Person"  + number + "'s host name is " + inetAddress1.getHostName() + "\n");
                        ta.appendText(new Date() + ": Person"  + number + "'s host address is " + inetAddress1.getHostAddress() + "\n");
                        ta.appendText(new Date() + ": wait for Person2 " + "\n");
                    });

                    Socket person2 = serverSocket.accept();
                    number++;
                    InetAddress inetAddress2 = person2.getInetAddress();
                    Platform.runLater(() -> {
                        ta.appendText(new Date() + ": Person"  + number + "joined the chat" + "\n");
                        ta.appendText(new Date() + ": Person"  + number + "'s host name is " + inetAddress2.getHostName() + "\n");
                        ta.appendText(new Date() + ": Person"  + number + "'s host address is " + inetAddress2.getHostAddress() + "\n");
                        ta.appendText(new Date() + ": Start the chat " + "\n");
                    });

                    new Thread(new HandleChat(person1,person2)).start();

                    try {
                        Thread.sleep(100);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }).start();

3.新建Handle类处理接收发送两个客户端的消息

只实现了一人一句的效果，没有实现一人连续发送消息对方也能正确接收。

    class HandleChat implements Runnable{
        Socket person1;
        Socket person2;

        public HandleChat(Socket person1,Socket person2){
            this.person1 = person1;
            this.person2 = person2;
        }
        @Override
        public void run() {
            try {
                DataInputStream fromPerson1 = new DataInputStream(person1.getInputStream());
                DataOutputStream toPerson1 = new DataOutputStream(person1.getOutputStream());
                DataInputStream fromPerson2 = new DataInputStream(person2.getInputStream());
                DataOutputStream toPerson2 = new DataOutputStream(person2.getOutputStream());

                while (true){

                    String passage1 = fromPerson1.readUTF();
                    toPerson2.writeUTF(passage1);
                    String passage2 = fromPerson2.readUTF();
                    toPerson1.writeUTF(passage2);

                }
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

思考后将HandleChat类中对两个客户端的接收发送消息处理放在两个线程中，就可以实现两个客户端自由通信。

            new Thread(() -> {
                while (true) {
                    try {
                        String passage2 = fromPerson2.readUTF();
                        toPerson1.writeUTF(passage2);
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }


            }).start();


            new Thread(() -> {
                while (true) {
                    try {
                        String passage1 = fromPerson1.readUTF();
                        toPerson2.writeUTF(passage1);
                    } catch (IOException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                    }
                }
            }).start();

二.Socket

1.同样的编写一个客户端界面

客户端界面

        BorderPane pane = new BorderPane();
        pane.setPadding(new Insets(5));
        pane.setStyle("-fx-border-color: green");
        pane.setLeft(new Label("Enter a radius: "));

        TextField tf = new TextField();
        tf.setAlignment(Pos.BASELINE_RIGHT);
        pane.setCenter(tf);

        BorderPane mainPane = new BorderPane();
        TextArea ta = new TextArea();
        mainPane.setCenter(new ScrollPane(ta));
        mainPane.setTop(pane);

        Scene scene = new Scene(mainPane,450,200);
        primaryStage.setTitle("Client");
        primaryStage.setScene(scene);
        primaryStage.show();

2.创建Socket连接客户端并获取输入输出流

        try {
//            创建一个连接服务器端的Socket
            Socket socket = new Socket("localhost",8000);
//            获得输入输出流
            toServer = new DataOutputStream(socket.getOutputStream());
            fromServer = new DataInputStream(socket.getInputStream());

        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

3.添加编辑框监听处理消息发送

//        编辑框事件监听
        tf.setOnAction(e ->{
            String passage = tf.getText().trim();
            tf.clear();
            try {
                toServer.writeUTF(passage);
                toServer.flush();
                ta.appendText("Me "  + ": " + passage + "\n");
            } catch (IOException e1) {
                e1.printStackTrace();
            }
        });

4.创建新线程从服务器上接收消息

//        新线程从服务器读取信息
        new Thread(() -> {
            while (true) {
                try {
                    String passage = fromServer.readUTF();
                    ta.appendText("He : " + passage + "\n");
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }).start();